ENDOMETRIOSIS

Endometriosis is a chronic condition in which tissue similar to the endometrium, which lines the uterus, grows outside it. This can cause inflammation, chronic pain, bowel problems and potentially difficulty conceiving. This misplaced tissue is estrogen-dependent and may cause adhesions and cysts, affecting organs such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, bladder and bowel. Common symptoms include period pain, pain during sex, chronic pelvic pain and irregular periods.

Endometriosis may be treated with medical or surgical approaches. Laparoscopy is the main surgical procedure for diagnosis and treatment. It involves small incisions in the abdomen through which a camera and instruments are inserted to remove endometriosis lesions and cysts. Medical treatments include anti-inflammatory medicines, combined estrogen-progestin contraceptives and medicines that suppress ovarian function to reduce inflammation and manage the condition.